Canada vs The USA comparison
Canada and The USA compared by 64 ratings: ✈️ travel, ⚔️ military, ⚕️ health, ⭐ freedom, 🛍️ consumption, 🌳 ecology, 💱 economic, 📚 education, 📊 general, 🚏 infrastructure, 🏭 labour, 🛡️ safety, 🧬 science, 💸 taxes, 👶🏻 demography.
⭐ Freedom
Freedom is an essential value of human beings, and a prerequisite for political, social, economic and cultural development. Canada and the United States are two of the leading countries in the world in terms of protecting freedom for its citizens. Both countries have robust systems for protecting individual liberty and upholding democratic ideals. However, when comparing Canada and the United States in terms of the degree of freedom enjoyed by citizens, there are some notable differences.
Political Rights and Civil Liberties: Canada is often regarded as one of the freest countries in the world in terms of political rights and civil liberties. According to the Freedom House’s Global Freedom Score, Canada is ranked 5th in 2022, while the United States is ranked 63rd in the same year. Canada has a wide range of policies and laws guaranteeing civil liberties, such as the right to free speech, freedom of religion, the right to privacy, and the right to vote. Meanwhile, in the United States, civil liberties are more restricted and there is often a greater emphasis on national security.
Free Speech
In general, Canadians enjoy almost complete freedom of expression, including freedom of speech. However, there are certain limits on freedom of speech in Canada such as hate speech, threats of violence, and defamation. Meanwhile, in the United States, the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides for the protection of free speech. There has traditionally been wide ranging support for freedom of expression in the United States, but in recent years, several states have implemented restrictions. These restrictions, such as the limitation on political, commercial or religious speech in public spaces, prevent individuals from fully exercising their right to free speech.
Privacy
In Canada, citizens enjoy a high degree of privacy thanks to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which enshrines the right to privacy in law. The Canadian government strives to protect a person’s personal information, including the right to be informed of the collection, use and disclosure of personal data. Meanwhile, in the United States, Congress and Federal regulations enacted in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks have diminished privacy and civil liberties. For example, the Patriot Act authorized law enforcement to conduct secret searches and surveillance on individuals without a warrant. This has raised serious concerns about the US government's ability to invade an individual's privacy with impunity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Canadians enjoy greater freedom than citizens of the United States. Canada upholds a wide range of political rights and civil liberties, including freedom of speech and the right to privacy. However, in the United States, civil liberties have been eroded in recent years due to national security policies. This has led to a significant decline in freedom, especially in comparison to Canada.
📚 Education
Education is one of the most important factors when comparing countries. Canada and the United States have many similarities when it comes to their educational systems, however there are also some major differences. From the average score on IQ tests to the types of programs available in each country, these differences can affect both the quality and the accessibility of an education.
IQ Tests
The average score on IQ tests for students from Canada is higher than for those from the United States. In Countries by IQ, Canada is ranked 6th in 2020, while the United States is ranked 7th out of 199 countries.
Teacher to Student Ratio
The teacher-to-student ratio is lower in Canada than in the United States, with an average of 16 students per teacher in Canada compared to 26 students per teacher in the United States. This difference can make a big impact in the quality of education, as there are more opportunities for personalized attention in Canada.
Cost of Education
The cost of education can also be an important factor when comparing the two countries. In Canada, tuition fees are lower than those in the United States, making it more affordable for many students. This is especially important for those from lower income households. In addition, Canadian universities also offer more generous scholarship programs, making it easier for students to access higher education.
Education Systems
When comparing the educational systems in Canada and the United States, there are also some key differences. For example, the American system is more geared towards four-year bachelor's degrees, while the Canadian system is more flexible and encourages students to pursue a wider range of academic degrees and certifications. In addition, Canada's system is more focused on job market skills, while the United States' system is more geared towards liberal arts.
Conclusion
Overall, Canada and the United States both have quality educational systems, and while there are some similarities, there are also some important differences. From the higher IQ test scores of Canadian students to the available scholarship programs and job-market focused education, Canada offers students more personalized attention and more job market skills, making it an attractive option for students.
⚕️ Health
The cost and quality of healthcare
When it comes to the quality and cost of healthcare, Canada and the United States have some differences and similarities in their respective systems. In terms of life expectancy at birth total years, Canada ranks number 20 in 2020, while the United States is at number 56. This suggests that people in Canada live longer, on average than in the United States.
Cost
The cost of healthcare is generally lower in Canada than in the United States. According to statistics from 2019, the average annual out-of-pocket health spending was $1,618 in Canada, while in the United States, it was $2,497. This difference can be attributed to Canada’s government-funded health insurance, whereas in the United States, there is more scope for payment directly out of pocket.
Quality
In terms of the quality of care, the World Health Organization (WHO) has ranked the Canadian healthcare system 30th in the world, while the United States healthcare system is ranked 37th. This implies that the quality of care is generally better in Canada than in the United States. However, there are still differences, with Canada providing more comprehensive coverage. For example, pharmaceuticals are largely covered in Canada, while in the US, it depends on the plan. That said, the United States does have a greater range of specialist care available, due to the abundance of private care facilities.
Conclusion
In conclusion, both Canada and the United States have their own strengths and weaknesses in terms of healthcare. While Canada does have a higher life expectancy and lower annual out-of-pocket costs, the United States does have greater access to specialist care. Ultimately, however, it is up to individuals to decide which system works best for them.
✈️ Travel
Traveling to both Canada and the United States offers a unique cultural experience for travelers. Depending on your interests and preferences for a destination, one country may be more suitable than the other. While there are a variety of ways to compare the two places, here are a few of the major differences travelers should be aware of when deciding between a trip to Canada and The USA.
Culture
When it comes to culture, there isn't a lot of difference between Canada and The USA. Both countries have large, bustling cities, as well as plenty of historical sites and interesting activities to explore. The main distinction between the two is that Canada typically has a more relaxed atmosphere than The USA. In addition, people tend to be less friendly in Canada than in The USA. According to the Global Friendliness Index, Canada is ranked #21 out of 52 countries in terms of local friendliness, while The USA is ranked #18 out of 52.
Food and Nightlife
When it comes to food and nightlife, there is certainly more of a variety offered in The USA. From large cities like New York and Los Angeles to smaller ones like Nashville and Portland, you will find a wide array of restaurants and bars to explore. Canada does have some great restaurants, but there are fewer options to choose from. In terms of nightlife, both countries offer great options for travel, although Canada has slightly more subdued and relaxed environments.
Cost of Travel
The cost of travel is one of the major points of comparison when it comes to Canada and The USA. Both countries have a wide range of accommodations and activities that cater to different budgets, but The USA tends to be slightly more expensive overall. The cost of services like food, transportation, and attractions may vary based on the city and region, but generally speaking, The USA will be more expensive.
Conclusion
Traveling to Canada or The USA can be an unforgettable experience, regardless of which you choose. The key is to think about what you’re looking for in a destination and then compare the two countries in terms of culture, food and attractions, and cost of travel. This can help you make an informed decision about which one is best for you.
⚔️ Military
The military of Canada and the United Stated of America are two of the most prominent militaries in the world. Despite the close relationship between the two countries, there are significant differences between the two that are worth noting.
Size
The size of a military is an important factor to consider when comparing two nations. Canada currently has fewer personnel than the United States. In 2019, Canada ranks 59th in terms of military personnel (while the US ranks 5th out of a total of 163) with approximately 65,500 active personnel in total. The US has over 1.35 million active personnel.
Budget
The size discrepancy between the two countries is also reflected in the respective military budget. In 2019, Canada spent $19 billion on its military while the United States spent $732.5 billion. This is a major difference, with the US spending almost 38 times what Canada spent per capita.
Capabilities
In terms of military capabilities, both countries are well-equipped, but the US has more advanced technology and a wider range of capabilities. This is largely due to its much larger military budget, but even then, the US’s advantage in technology isn’t so pronounced as to make it a major player on the world stage.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Canada and the US have relatively small differences when it comes to their militaries. Despite a large disparity in size, budget, and capabilities, both countries are still able to offer a credible level of defense. This is a testament to both countries' commitment to peace and security.
🛡️ Safety
When it comes to security, Canada and the United States have much in common; however, there are some fundamental differences that make Canada a safer place to live. It is true that the level of criminal activity is lower in Canada than in the United States. According to WalletHub, in The Most Criminal Countries, Canada is ranked 81st out of 139 in 2022 and the United States is ranked 55th.
Canada Has Stricter Gun Regulations Than the United States
One of the primary reasons for the lower crime rate in Canada is that Canada has much stricter gun regulations than the United States. In Canada, an individual must pass both a background check and a psychological evaluation in order to be approved for a gun license. Furthermore, citizens are required to partake in a firearm safety course, renew their licenses regularly, and safely store any firearms they possess. In contrast, in the United States, citizens are not required to partake in any courses, undergo any background checks, or have a license in order to own a gun - making it significantly easier to gain access to firearms. This is likely why firearm-related homicides are much more common in the United States than in Canada.
The USA Has a High Rate of Violent Crime
In comparison to Canada, the USA has a much higher rate of violent crime. This is partly due to the fact that there are significantly more guns in the United States and it is easier for criminals to obtain them. Additionally, the United States has a much higher incarceration rate than Canada; the United States incarcerates 2.1 million people and Canada incarcerates 40,000. This means that there are fewer people serving long sentences for violent crimes in Canada than in the United States, and as a result, there is a lower rate of violent crimes in Canada.
Public Safety Versus Personal Safety
It is important to note that when comparing the safety of Canada and the United States, one must also take into account public safety, in addition to personal safety. Canada is generally considered to provide better public services such as healthcare, education, infrastructure, and social services than the United States. This means that Canadians have access to better resources that can help to keep them safe. Furthermore, Canada is a socially progressive country with laws in place to protect its citizens, which may contribute to its low crime rate.
Conclusion
Overall, Canada is a relatively safe place to live, compared to the United States. This is partially due to its stricter gun regulations, lower incarceration rate, and better public services. Thus, it is clear that Canada provides its citizens with a higher level of security and safety than the United States.
👶🏻 Demography
When comparing Canada and The USA in terms of demography, there is an obvious difference in birth rate that draws attention. While The USA ranks 8th in the world in terms of number of births in 2021, Canada is 63rd on the list. This reflects in the overall population of the two nations and their population growth.
Population
Canada has a population of over 37 million people and a population growth rate of about 1.1% each year. The USA, on the other hand, has a population of over 331 million people, with a population growth rate of 0.7% per year. Despite having a much smaller population, Canada's population growth rate is higher than that of The USA. This is mainly due to a higher birth rate and immigration.
Migration
When it comes to migration rate, the two countries show different trends. In Canada, the annual net migration rate is 5.9 immigrants per 1,000 people. This means that the population is slightly increasing as more people immigrate to the country. On the other hand, the rate of net migration in The USA is 3.5 immigrants per 1,000 people. This indicates that the population may be decreasing as more people go to other countries.
Infant Mortality
Canada's infant mortality rate is 4.3 deaths per 1,000 live births. This is lower than The USA's rate of 5.6 deaths per 1,000 live births, which suggests that Canadians are better at providing care for their infants. The high infant mortality rate in The USA is caused by several factors, such as access to health care, poverty, and lifestyle choices.
Conclusion
When it comes to demography, Canada and The USA have different characteristics. Canada has a higher population growth rate, higher net migration rate, and a lower infant mortality rate than The USA. However, The USA has a much higher population due to the high birth rate. Therefore, the two countries have different demographic profiles, but both have a significant population that contributes to their cultural identity.
🏭 Labour
Canada and The USA share many traits, but when it comes to labor, there are distinct differences between these two countries. Canada historically has been a country with a strong labor force, but it has been struggling in recent years to keep up with the demand of its citizens. The USA, on the other hand, has seen a robust economy on the whole, but certain pockets of the population still suffer from high unemployment and underemployment. To understand how the labor forces of both countries compare, it is important to examine the key differences.
Unemployment
When looking at the labor force of each country, a key indicator is the unemployment rate. Unsurprisingly, The USA has a lower unemployment rate than Canada; in 2021, the USA ranked #126 on the list of 176 countries with a 5.8% unemployment rate, while Canada was #81 with 8.4%. Concerningly, Canada's unemployment rate has risen in recent years, meaning there is a higher rate of people actively looking for work without success. This can have significant impacts on the economy and quality of life for citizens of Canada. However, The USA has succeeded in decreasing its unemployment rate as the economy has improved.
Employment Security
Another key area of difference between Canada and The USA when it comes to labor laws is in employment security. In Canada, there is a particular focus on ensuring employees are protected in the workplace and that their rights are respected. This is exemplified in part by the country’s strong emphasis on employment insurance, which is designed to provide a safety net for Canadian employees who may find themselves out of work. The USA offers some of these protections but appears to lack the same stringent emphasis on employee security; this is likely due to the nation’s lack of universal healthcare and large population of uninsured workers.
Minimum Wage
Perhaps the most notable difference between the two countries in regards to labor is that of the minimum wage. Canada has had a federal minimum wage since 1945 and provinces are then allowed to impose higher minimum wages. The USA was only recently able to pass a federal minimum wage, meaning most states have to decide this aspect for themselves. Currently, the minimum wage in The USA is higher than in Canada, with the former sitting at 10USD and the latter at 8.99CAD. This does not account for the fact that the cost of living is significantly higher in The USA, meaning wages may need to increase further to ensure workers' wellbeing.
Conclusion
There are many differences between the labor laws and practices of Canada and The USA. The USA has been able to slowly pull itself out of the financial crisis of 2008, while Canada has seen its unemployment rate slowly rise in recent years. The USA has higher minimum wages, though the cost of living should also be taken into account, and Canada has stronger labor laws and employment insurance. As the world economy continues to change, it will be interesting to watch how both countries adapt and adjust their labor forces.
💱 Economic
Comparing the economic strength between Canada and the United States is an interesting conversation. Both nations have strong and effective economies, yet there are some major differences between them. Looking at overall GDP, the United States vastly outranks Canada, coming in #8 for 2020 with a nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $21.4 trillion, whereas Canada comes in at #23 with a nominal GDP of $1.77 trillion. This makes the United States the largest economy in the world by far.
Beyond GDP, both countries have different economic philosophies. The United States has a capitalist economy, while Canada’s economy is more of a mix of free-market capitalism with a generous welfare state. This means that while in the US, every individual is responsible for their own well-being and progress, in Canada, the government provides citizens with ample safety nets to help protect them in tough times. This has led to far less inequality in Canada than in the US.
Economic output
When looking at economic output, the US leads in most industries. The US produces the majority of the world’s oil, has the largest automotive manufacturing industry, and produces the most computer hardware. The US also leads in research and development investments, which spur technological innovation and investment in new technologies.
Canada lags behind the US in overall economic output, but is no slouch either. Canada is the world’s largest producer of energy from non-renewable sources, like oil and natural gas. Canada has a strong mining and timber industry, and is also a leader in IT and telecommunications. In addition, Canada leads the world in agricultural production per capita.
Labor and Unemployment
When looking at labor, the US and Canada are relatively equal. Both countries have a labor force participation rate of over 63%, and unemployment rates of around 5%. Canada has higher unionization rates than the US, with over 33% of the labor force being unionized, compared to only 10% in the US.
In terms of wages, the US is higher than Canada. The median wage in the US is around $13.25 per hour, whereas in Canada it is around $11.75 per hour. In terms of inequality, there is less wage disparity in Canada between the richest and poorest 20% of the population, with the bottom 20% earning 6.6 times less than the top 20% in Canada, but 10.2 times less in the US. This is primarily due to stronger safety nets within the Canadian economy.
Conclusion
It is clear that the US and Canada both have strong economies with different focuses and benefits. The US has a larger overall GDP, with a primarily capitalist economy, while Canada has a mix of capitalism and socialism that provides more safety nets and less inequality. In terms of economic output, the US leads in many industries, but Canada has shown strong performance in certain fields. In terms of labor, both countries are relatively equal, but the US has higher median wages and larger income inequality.
💸 Taxes
Tax systems are complex, but one relatively simple difference between Canada and The USA is tax complexity mainly due to taxable entities, number of tax years, taxation of payroll, tax arrangements, availability of tax credits and deductions, and other factors. Canada's tax system is significantly simpler than the The USA's tax system and it ranks well on the Tax Competitiveness Index (TCI) in 2021 with a score of #20 out of 37 countries while The USA has a score of #21.
Tax Rates:
When comparing Canada and The USA in terms of taxes, it is important to look at the tax rates and the way they are structured. Canada has a personal income tax system where the progressive rate system is applied. This means that the tax rate is based on the annual income that is made, increasing as the income rises. The federal tax rate ranges between 15% and 33%. Additionally, most of the provinces in Canada have their own income taxes and the combined rate can add up to as much as 50%.
In The USA, a progressive taxation system is also used for personal taxes. The federal income tax brackets for most taxpayers are 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35%, and 37%. Illinois, for example has additional taxes of about 4.95% for some high-earning individuals. The combined rate of federal and state taxes can be as high as 50%.
Tax Credits and Deductions:
Tax credits and deductions are one of the major differences between Canada and The USA in terms of taxes. Canada offers a wide range of beneficial tax credits and deductions that can be used to reduce the amount of taxes that have to be paid. For example, the Canada Child Benefit is an income-tested benefit that provides tax-free monthly payments to eligible families. Additionally, the Canada Employment amount is a deduction that reduces the amount of federal tax that is owed.
The USA also has a wide range of credits and deductions, however they are often not as comprehensive and beneficial as those of Canada. For example, the USA has a Child Tax Credit that can be used to reduce taxes owed by taxpayers with qualifying children, however it has strict limitations and most of the benefit goes to higher-income households.
Conclusion:
When it comes to taxes, Canada and The USA have different systems with different rates and credits and deductions. Canada's system is simpler, more efficient, and more beneficial when it comes to the tax burden on individuals and businesses. Canada also ranks better on the Tax Competitiveness Index (TCI) in 2021 with a score of #20 out of 37 countries while The USA has a score of #21.
📊 General
Canada and the United States have a long history of shared culture, region, and interests, making comparisons between the two countries not only relevant but interesting to probe. Despite their similarities, the two nations differ in many regards, from the size and population of each country to the type of governments, economies, and even their Human Development Index (HDI). Below, we explore some of the differences between Canada and the United States, comparing the two countries in terms of their HDI and other areas.
Human Development Index
According to the Human Development Index 2021, published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Canada ranked #8 out of 187 countries, while the United States ranked #24. This index measures countries' progress on health, education, and access to services along with their average income level. Canada scored a highly desirable 0.913, while the US only managed 0.920, suggesting that Canada performs better on these metrics than the United States. This can be attributed to Canada's higher spending on education, health, and social welfare compared to the US.
Economic Growth
The economic growth of Canada and the United States also differ, although both countries have performed well in recent years. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) forecasts, Canada is predicted to experience an average annual growth of 2.3%, while the US economy is expected to expand by an average of 2.1% each year. This is primarily due to Canada’s better-performing construction and manufacturing sectors, as well as its skilled labor force.
Government and Politics
In terms of government and politics, the two countries have had different approaches. Canada is a constitutional monarchy with a federal-bicameral parliamentary system, while the United States is a federal republic with a presidential system. This difference in political systems results in different approaches to the implementation of policy and foreign relations. Canada's government is more decentralized than the US government, and the country has established more international partnerships than the United States has.
Conclusion
Overall, both Canada and the United States have their own distinctive characteristics which make for a fascinating comparison. Canada has a higher Human Development Index as well as a better-performing economy than The USA, with the countries differing in their approach to government and politics. Both nations have something to offer, however, and understanding the difference between them helps to give a fuller picture and appreciation of their individual strengths.
🛍️ Consumption
When it comes to consumption, Canada and The USA have a lot in common. However, there are also key differences between the two countries. Cost of living is one of the major factors that can impact the spending habits of citizens of each country. Generally speaking, living costs in Canada are lower than in The USA. According to the Cost of Living ranking published in 2022, Canada was #15 and The USA was #13 out of 129 countries evaluated.
In terms of overall spending, The USA has customers that invest mostly in housing, followed by health care and transportation. On the other hand, in Canada consumers spend money on food, housing, and transportation in almost equal proportions.
Consumer confidence
When evaluating consumer confidence, The USA tends to be more positive than Canada when it comes to spending money. According to a Consumer Confidence survey published in 2022, The USA was #7 out of 128 countries evaluated, while Canada was #18.
Types of products purchased
When it comes to what citizens of these countries purchase, there is a significant difference in terms of preferences. In Canada, electronics and retail products are the top categories, followed by media and entertainment. Meanwhile, in The USA food and gaming are the most popular items among consumers, followed by electronics and retail.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while Canada and The USA have similarities in terms of consumption, there are also some key differences. Cost of living is generally lower in Canada than in The USA, and Canadian citizens tend to have more positive consumer confidence. Also, the types of products purchased are different in each country.
🚏 Infrastructure
Canada and The USA are two very similar countries in terms of infrastructure. Despite the close proximity and many similarities, there are a few differences between the two countries which stand out in terms of infrastructure and development.
Transportation Systems
The United States is home to some of the best transportation systems in the world. The nation has a highly developed urban public transportation system, with roads and highways connecting all areas of the country. Public transit, including buses and trains, is available in all major cities and is usually reliable and efficient. In contrast, Canada has a much less developed public transportation system, with fewer urban public transport options, as well as fewer and less reliable highways connecting cities.
Internet Access and E-Government Services
Access to the internet and use of e-government services is much more common in The USA than in Canada. The USA has been investing heavily in e-government and digital infrastructure over the past few years, and this has enabled it to develop a world-class digital infrastructure. In contrast, Canada's digital infrastructure is much less developed, and as a result, it has lagged behind The USA in terms of digital transformation and e-government access. Canada is currently ranked #30 in the E-Government Development Index (out of 192), whereas The USA is #9.
Conclusion
Overall, Canada and The USA both have high-quality infrastructure and transportation systems. However, The USA has a more developed public transportation system, as well as better access to the internet and e-government services. This provides citizens with greater access to digital information and services, allowing them to better participate in the economy and society.
🌳 Ecology
The ecology of Canada and the USA share many similarities but also differ in important ways. Both countries rank high in global environmental rankings, but Canada takes the lead when it comes to air quality, green energy initiatives and waste management. Canada stands out from its neighbor to the south with strict regulations that prioritize sustainability while the USA has lagged behind, in part due to more relaxed government standards and greater pollution.
Air Pollution
The USA has been lagging in curbing emissions and has seen a rise in air pollutants over time. Partially attributed to their failure to ratify the Kyoto Protocol of 1997, the USA ranks in the top 5% of countries with the worst air pollution. In contrast, Canada boasts the 39th best ranking in the world for air quality, indicating much improved standards. Thanks to provincial programs that include the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act and the National Atmospheric Deposition Program this is likely to remain the case.
Energy
The two countries have markedly different energy sources, with the USA relying heavily on petroleum and natural gas, accounting for a sixth of global emissions. Canada does not produce a significantly better rating due to their own reliance on fossil fuels, however, much of the electricity in Canada is supplied by renewable sources such as hydro, wind, and solar.
Waste Management
Canada is increasingly taking a environmentally friendly approach to waste management and recycling. Their laws encourage businesses and citizens to be more aware of their waste production and have plan to eliminate single-use plastic packaging by 2021. Furthermore, Canada is leading the way in reducing nuclear waste and has managed to reduce its nuclear waste output to one tenth of the amount of the USA.
Conclusion
Both Canada and the USA are committed to improving the environment, but Canada is clearly leading the way. With better air quality, progressive energy policies, and proactive waste management solutions that seek to reduce our environmental impact, Canada is a shining example of how a country can prioritize ecology without sacrificing economic growth.
🧬 Science
Science is a huge part of everyday life, the advances that have been made in the field of technology and medicine are impressive and give us all hope for the future. Nowhere is this more evident than in North America, when comparing Canada and The USA in terms of science.
Scientific Breakthroughs
When looking at scientific breakthroughs, The USA stands head and shoulders above Canada as many of the world’s most impressive scientific achievements come from American scientists. In terms of Nobel Prize winners, the USA leads the way, with 422 Nobel laureates, ahead of the UK (with 123) and Germany (with 103). Canada, while they have had a number of notable scientists, come in with only 46 laureates. This can be attributed to the fact that The USA has a much bigger economy, allowing for more money to be poured into research, leading to more groundbreaking discoveries.
Quantitative Research
When it comes to quantitative research, looking at the number of citable scientific publications, The USA edges out Canada. In 2021, The USA was ranked #2 out of 206 nations, with Canada far behind in #9. However, Canada is continuing to strive towards increasing the number of scientific publications, with the other G7 countries leading the way in terms of total publications.
Government Investment in Research
When it comes to government investment and support of science, both The USA and Canada rank high. In terms of total annual spending and percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) allocated to research and development, The US spend $522.6 billion every year, making up 2.7 percent of their GDP, while Canada spends $27.2 billion, 2.05 percent of their GDP. This shows that both countries recognise the importance of science and are willing to invest in it.
Overall, both The USA and Canada have a lot to offer in terms of science and technology. While The USA has historically led the way, Canada is proving to be a viable competitor and is forging ahead with new and innovative research. With both countries continuing to invest in science and technology, the sky is the limit for what could be achieved in the future.

